Armadilhas extracelulares dos neutrófilos: descrição e envolvimento em processos autoimunes
Neutrophil extracellular traps: description and autoimmune disease involvement
Jonatha Leonel Ernesto Da-Silva; Laura Fontes Tomaz Finotti
Resumo
Somando a maioria dos leucócitos presentes na corrente sanguínea, os neutrófilos são células polimorfonucleares e especializadas no combate a infecções através da fagocitose do patógeno e liberação de seus conteúdos granulares. Também são capazes de liberar armadilhas extracelulares (neutrophil extracellular traps, NETs), que são estruturas constituídas de componentes intracelulares, como fibras de cromatina e proteínas derivadas de grânulos citoplasmáticos. As NETs são liberadas em resposta a vários estímulos, como de microrganismos, citocinas e complexos antígeno-anticorpo, e possuem o papel de capturar microrganismos e até mesmo matá-los. Porém, quando essas estruturas não são completamente eliminadas pelo organismo, elas podem gerar danos à saúde, pois podem ser produzidos anticorpos contra as estruturas que as compõem. Neste artigo, é feita uma revisão dos acontecimentos que levam à liberação de NETs pelos neutrófilos, a importância disso para a saúde e o envolvimento dessas estruturas em processos de autoimunidade, utilizando artigos publicados desde a descoberta das NETs, que ocorreu em 2004.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
30/11/2018
Aceito em:
12/02/2019
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