Arquivos de Asma, Alergia e Imunologia
https://aaai-asbai.org.br/article/doi/10.5935/2318-5015.20140033
Arquivos de Asma, Alergia e Imunologia
Original Article

Prevalência de alergia ao látex IgE-mediada em um hospital universitário

Prevalence of IgE-mediated latex allergy at a university hospital

Cristiane Fernandes; Cristiane M. de O. Silva; Gesmar R. S. Segundo

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Resumo

Objetivos: Este estudo teve por objetivos determinar a frequência de alergia ao látex IgEmediada nos trabalhadores expostos a este alérgeno, caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico dos trabalhadores, e identificar fatores preditivos para positividade do teste sorológico para IgE específica para látex. Métodos: É um estudo analítico, descritivo, transversal, desenvolvido com trabalhadores de diversas áreas de um Hospital Universitário de atenção terciária, cujo critério de inclusão foi o uso de material com látex por pelo menos uma hora por semana. A coleta de dados ocorreu de fevereiro a outubro de 2013. Foi desenvolvido e aplicado um questionário específico, com posterior seleção dos trabalhadores sintomáticos e coleta de Imunoglobulina E específica para o látex, pelo método ImmunoCAP. Foi realizada análise descritiva, correlações e associações, e o valor de p< 0,05 foi considerado significante. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 390 trabalhadores. Foram divididos em sintomáticos e assintomáticos. Os primeiros representaram 14,6% da amostra, e dentre estes 93% foram do sexo feminino. Quanto ao teste da imunoglobulina E específica, somente 4 participantes foram positivos, representando 1,02% do total e 7% dos sintomáticos. Os testes de correlação de Spearman e o Odds ratio mostraram associação significante entre a positividade do exame e o número de sintomas locais e sistêmicos, além da frequência destes. Conclusão: A frequência observada de alergia ao látex foi de 1,02%. O uso do número de sintomas e a frequência dos mesmos podem ser bons preditivos para a positividade do teste para IgE para látex.

Palavras-chave

Látex, hipersensibilidade ao látex, trabalhadores da saúde.

Abstract

Objectives: The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of IgE- mediated latex allergy among health care workers exposed to this allergen, to describe the epidemiological profile of workers, and to identify predictors of positivity for latex-specific IgE antibodies. Methods: This cross-sectional, analytic, descriptive study was carried out with health care workers at a tertiary university hospital. The inclusion criterion was the use of latex products for at least one hour per week. Data were collected from February to October 2013. A questionnaire was developed and applied; symptomatic patients were selected for the measurement of serum latex-specific IgE antibodies using the ImmunoCAP method. Descriptive analysis, correlations, and associations were calculated; significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 390 health care workers were evaluated. They were divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects. The symptomatic group comprised 14.6% of the sample; 93% were women. Only four health care workers were positive for latex-specific IgE: 1.02% of the total sample and 7% of the symptomatic group. Spearman’s correlation and odds ratio analysis showed a significant association between a positive test for latex-specific IgE and the number and frequency of local and systemic symptoms. Conclusions: The prevalence of latex allergy was 1.02%. Number and frequency of symptoms may be good predictors of a positive test for latex-specific IgE antibodies.

Keywords

Latex, hypersensitivity to latex, health care workers.

References

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Submitted date:
03/20/2015

Accepted date:
04/28/2015

6a7a2513a9539523461bb1b5 1776695468 Articles
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