Avanços recentes no emprego de imunobiológicos nas doenças alérgicas
Recent advances in the use of biologicals in allergic diseases
Priscila Geller Wolff; Mario Geller
Resumo
O uso de imunobiológicos, já consagrados como importantes avanços terapêuticos na Reumatologia, para o tratamento de pacientes com doenças autoimunes do tecido conjuntivo, e na Gastroenterologia, no manejo de pacientes com doenças intestinais inflamatórias, inicia uma trajetória também muito promissora no controle mais eficaz de várias condições em AlergiaImunologia, incluindo asma grave eosinofílica, urticária crônica espontânea, dermatite atópica, e esofagite eosinofílica. É possível que futuramente, tal como na Oncologia, possam ser empregadas várias combinações de drogas visando um melhor controle da alergia, baseado sempre que possível na caracterização dos diversos endótipos e fenótipos estabelecidos. No presente artigo, é feita uma revisão objetiva e atualizada de vários agentes imunobiológicos em Alergia: omalizumabe (anti-IgE), anti-IL-5 (mepolizumabe, reslizumabe e benralizumabe), dupilumabe (anti-subunidade alfa do receptor de IL-4), quilizumabe (anti-receptor M1 prime de membrana da IgE nas células-alvo), anti-TSLP (AMG 157), e lebrikizumabe (anti-IL-13). Futuramente, novos agentes imunoterapêuticos poderão surgir, com potencial de melhorar as atuais estratégias para tratamento das doenças alérgicas mais complexas e graves, de difícil controle.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
The use of biologicals, currently recognized as an important therapeutic advance in the fields of rheumatology – in the treatment of patients with autoimmune connective tissue disorders – and gastroenterology – in the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease – has also shown promising results in terms of a more effective control of different conditions in the field of allergy and immunology, including severe eosinophilic asthma, chronic spontaneous urticaria, atopic dermatitis and eosinophilic esophagitis. Similarly to what has been seen in oncology, it is possible that, in the future, several drug combinations can be used with the aim of better controlling atopic conditions, whenever possible based on the characterization of established endotypes and phenotypes. This article presents an objective, up-to-date review of the use of different biologicals in allergy, namely, omalizumab (anti-IgE), anti-IL-5 (mepolizumab, reslizumab, and benralizumab), dupilumab (anti-alpha subunit of the IL-4 receptor), quilizumab (anti-M1 prime membrane receptor of IgE in target cells), anti-TSLP (AMG 157), and lebrikizumab (anti-IL-13). In the future, other biological agents may be developed, with the potential to improve the treatment strategies currently available for more severe, complex, difficult-to-control allergic diseases.
Keywords
References
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Submitted date:
11/17/2014
Accepted date:
04/13/2015
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